![]() ![]() Alternatively, it can be accessed within certain applications such as Safari and Pages by choosing Special Characters from the Edit menu (or COMMAND + OPTION + t). Choose Show Character Viewer from the drop-down menu, which opens Character Viewer as shown below. Just like the Keyboard Viewer, the Character Viewer can be accessed via the top menu bar when the Input menu has been enabled. The Keyboard Viewer remains on top of other windows at all times, and even stays in position when you switch to another workspace in fullscreen mode. Try holding down the OPTION key, or OPTION + SHIFT to see the choices available. It can also be used to insert symbols – simply click on a symbol to insert into documents or emails. The Keyboard Viewer shows key combinations such as those mentioned above, and many more. From the drop-down menu options choose Show Keyboard Viewer to open the utility The Keyboard Viewer displays common symbols The Input menu now appears in the menu bar as shown (the 5th icon on the right): The Input menu in the menu barģ. Tick the box labelled Show Keyboard and Character Viewers in menu bar Enable the Keyboard and Character Viewers Mac OS has a rather useful built-in utility called the Keyboard Viewer – an onscreen keyboard that displays many of the possible symbols.Ģ. # (number sign): OPTION + 3 The Keyboard Viewerīesides the symbols mentioned above, dozens more can be typed using a regular Apple keyboard.ticklabels and title), not only math when using true LaTeX. Notice how all text is rendered with LaTeX (e.g. # Mathtext does not handle `\displaystyle` # The below code is only included to show differences between Mathtext Plt.ylabel(r'$\alpha\leq\beta$', fontsize=20) To use matplotlib's own TeX parser Mathtext, simply wrap the expression inside dollar signs in a string: import matplotlib.pyplot as plt Using Mathtext, matplotlib's own TeX parser If you want to know more about them, see the link in References. I'm not going to elaborate on how to use XeLaTeX or LuaLaTeX, as this extends far beyond the scope of your question. You can also use LaTeX with the Agg, PS and PDF backends. ![]() If you have a local LaTeX installation you can typeset math and text with either XeLaTex, LuaLaTeX or pdfLaTeX when using the pgf backend. This is done using either true LaTeX or matplotlib's own TeX parser called Mathtext, depending on your rc settings and whether you have a local LaTeX installation. You can wrap the mathematical expression inside dollar signs ( $) to ensure that matplotlib renders the text using TeX. In Python 2.x you have to specify that a string is unicode with u in front of the string, while in Python 3.x all strings are unicode by default, meaning you can leave out the u. Here \leq stands for " less than or equal", and gives the symbol ≤, meaning the label of the y-axis will be α ≤ β. When you do this, matplotlib will typeset the expression using its own TeX parser, Mathtext. To render the expression with TeX, you must wrap the mathematical expression inside dollar signs ( $) in the string. Plt.ylabel(u'α ≤ β') # In Python 3 you can leave out the `u` If this "less than or equal" symbol is the only math in your code, it is simplest to use a unicode string: import matplotlib.pyplot as plt For more advanced math, TeX is far superior. You can achieve this by using a unicode string or by rendering the string with TeX, depending on how complex your mathematical expression is. ![]()
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